Four of Tilleke & Gibbins’ labor and employment specialists in Bangkok have contributed the Thailand chapter to the newly issued Labor and Employment Disputes 2024, a comprehensive guide from Lexology Panoramic to labor and employment dispute resolution in various jurisdictions around the world. The Thailand chapter covers the following topics: Pre-action considerations: Key requirements, third-party funding, contingency fee arrangements Issuing a claim: Forum, territorial jurisdiction, standing, commencing claims, fees, service Defendants and legal personality: Types of claims, time limits, counterclaims Case management: Procedure, rules, amendments to claims, adding parties to proceedings, consolidating proceedings Class and collective actions: Special considerations Evidence: Witnesses, tactical considerations Interim relief: Availability, requirements Trial: Hearings conduct and typical time frames, confidentiality and public access, media reporting Elements of successful claims and burden of proof Alternative dispute resolution: Available types, requirements and expectations Enforcement: Collective employment and labor rights, enforcement of collective rights, standing Remedies and enforcement: Available remedies, assessing compensation, enforcement mechanisms Appeals: Appeal procedure and time frames, other means of challenge Update and trends: Recent cases and developments, technology developments, other issues The Thailand chapter was authored by Eric M. Meyer, Chusert Supasitthumrong, Pathanin Sornchangwat, and Chayathorn Kruatao, all in the Thailand dispute resolution and litigation team. Tilleke & Gibbins also contributed the Cambodia and Vietnam chapters to Labor and Employment Disputes 2024. The full Thailand chapter is available below as a PDF.

Following the enactment of the Tax Administration Law (TAL), Myanmar’s Ministry of Planning and Finance has issued Notification No. 44/2024, which outlines directives and procedures for addressing violations of tax law provisions. These procedures, which came into force on June 13, 2024, primarily focus on three key areas: tax evasion, impeding tax administration, and failure to preserve secrecy. The notification primarily aims to address tax evasion, impeding tax administration, and failure to preserve secrecy, classifying these offenses as either subject to arrest without warrant or not. Notably, tax evasion is classified as an offense subject to arrest without warrant, while impeding tax administration and failure to preserve secrecy are not. The notification also prescribed the forms for notifying taxpayers before taking any action. Tax Evasion Tax evasion refers to a taxpayer who willfully evades the assessment, payment, or collection of tax. Penalties for such offenses include fines of MMK 250,000 (approx. USD 120) or 100% of the evaded tax (whichever is greater), imprisonment for up to seven years, or both. The enforcement process for tax evasion requires the chief officer of the township revenue department or an officer in charge (the tax authority) to assess the relevant documents and information provided by the taxpayer. If a taxpayer is found to be evading tax, the tax authority must send a notice in the prescribed form for verification within 15 days. Taxpayers may apply for a one-time extension of 15 days to submit requested documents and make disclosures. If the taxpayer cannot fulfill the requirements as instructed, the tax authority will seek approval from the director general of the Internal Revenue Department (IRD) for criminal proceedings as cognizable offences. Impeding Tax Administration and Failure to Preserve Secrecy Impeding tax administration refers to obstruction or attempted obstruction of taxation staff or officers

Tilleke & Gibbins has contributed the Thailand chapter to the 2024 edition of Litigation & Dispute Resolution from the Global Legal Insights (GLI) series published by Global Legal Group. This comprehensive guide provides detailed analysis of litigation and dispute resolution laws and regulations across multiple jurisdictions worldwide. Each chapter of the guide offers an in-depth examination of key aspects of litigation and dispute resolution, including: Efficiency and integrity of process Privilege and disclosure Evidence Costs and attorney fees Litigation funding Class actions Interim relief Enforcement of judgments/awards Cross-border litigation International arbitration Mediation and ADR Regulatory investigations The complete Thailand chapter, authored by counsel Michael Ramirez and associate Chayathorn Kruatao, is available as a PDF below. The Thailand chapter—and the full Litigation & Dispute Resolution guide—are also freely available on the GLI website.

Myanmar has once again made significant amendments to its minimum-wage framework by introducing additional allowances for both public- and private-sector workers. On August 9, 2024, the National Committee for Setting the Minimum Wage issued Notification No. 1/2024, which entitles private-sector workers to a new additional daily allowance of MMK 1,000 (approximately USD 0.48). This increase is on top of the MMK 1,000 additional daily allowance introduced last year. As a result, workers at private-sector employers with more than 10 employees are now entitled to the base minimum wage of MMK 4,800 plus additional allowances of MMK 2,000, for a total of MMK 6,800 (approximately USD 3.20) per day for an eight-hour workday, effective August 1, 2024. A similar additional allowance had been announced for workers in government departments and organizations on July 26, 2024. Background The MMK 4,800 (approximately USD 2.29) minimum wage for an eight-hour workday (equivalent to MMK 600 per hour) was established in May 2018 for all workers, irrespective of location or job type. In September 2023, the Ministry of Planning and Finance announced an additional daily benefit of MMK 1,000 for workers in government departments and organizations, and on October 9, 2023, the National Committee for Setting the Minimum Wage extended this benefit to workers at private-sector employers with more than 10 employees, bringing the effective minimum daily wage to MMK 5,800 (approximately USD 2.77). These changes took effect on October 1, 2023. Applicability of Additional Allowances for Private-Sector Workers The latest announcement also entitles employees to the base minimum wage and additional allowances for days used from their entitlement to leave and holidays, in accordance with the 1951 Leave and Holidays Act. However, the daily allowances—totaling MMK 2,000—are not to be included when calculating overtime payments. Instead, overtime payments must be calculated based on