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Real Estate

Real Estate

Key Contacts

Cambodia

Laos

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

OVERVIEW

Navigating Southeast Asia’s property markets with grounded expertise and commercial precision

At Tilleke & Gibbins, we represent both individuals and corporations in advising the clients on real estate, construction, and hospitality. We build on our deep local roots and significant legal and industry knowledge to provide strategic and commercially sound legal solutions on real estate projects and transactions in Thailand and across Southeast Asia. We work seamlessly across practices areas, offering comprehensive legal advice — from due diligence and transaction documentation, project financing, conveyancing and registering the ownership and possessory rights over the properties, to the successful handling of complex construction disputes — aimed at achieving business objectives and maximizing investment returns.

Our expertise includes conducting land title searches and due diligence, drafting and negotiating real estate and hospitality-related agreements, advising on foreign land ownership restrictions, and securing short-term or long-term leaseholds. We also provide guidance on building control and zoning regulations, draft or review construction agreements, assist manufacturers in acquiring land and constructing factories, and secure licenses and permits for businesses in industrial estate areas. When needed, we can ably represent clients in litigation or arbitration. With our extensive knowledge and experience, our team is best placed to help clients successfully manage the complexities and growing sophistication of the region’s real estate market.

Experience

  • Advised a major Japanese construction company in a USD 140,000,000 mixed-use office, condominium and serviced apartment project in Hanoi, including all licensing matters, land title issues, zoning variances, land subdivision, joint venture negotiations, corporate governance, and property management regulations.
  • Represented an American global investment bank in a joint investment with an American private equity firm to provide USD 235 million in equity injection and financing to a Thai property developer, to enable the development and completion of a mixed-use 77-storey luxury skyscraper and a nearby retail building in Bangkok’s central business district.
  • Worked with a leading Hong Kong law firm on the Southeast Asian elements of an acquisition of a chain of over 40 hotels, including extensive holdings in emerging markets such as Cambodia, where our team advised on extensive market entry and localization concerns as part of the client’s due diligence.
  • Advised on a mixed development of an entire island, including land acquisition, development and construction permits, joint venture agreements, financing, customer and supplier contracts, and the legal and tax structure.
  • Retained to represent a hospitality and real estate development company on the development, division, and sale of one of the most valuable stretches of beachfront real estate in Thailand, including the division and sale of several parcels of land to hospitality groups, real estate development companies, and medical and retirement facility operators, as well as the construction and operation of the client’s own properties. Every transaction is tailored to maintain the future integrity of the entire beachfront, and interacts with a complex web of interrelated easements and other obligations on each owner.
  • Assisted a property developer backed by Swedish investors in restructuring their corporate structure for an ambitious multimillion-dollar condominium and villa project in Phuket Province.
  • Advised a key client on its various property joint venture projects with a major property group, including financing agreements, project joint venture agreements, and legal and tax structuring of specific condominium projects.
  • Advising a major Thai hospitality developer and operator on its development of a 100 acres golf club and resort city in Thailand, including shops, restaurants, a hospital, a football field, a stadium, and tourism attractions
  • Represented one of the world’s most recognizable fashion and luxury goods retailers in several commercial real estate disputes in Thailand arising from the disputed termination of a 30-year franchisee relationship. This representation includes negotiation and settlement of lease hold and commercial franchisee contracts with both the outgoing franchisee and the incoming franchisee partner, one of Southeast Asia’s largest and most successful commercial retailers.
  • Helped a major U.S. hospitality chain to structure, draft, and negotiate management contracts and conduct due diligence for six hotel, resort, and condominium projects in compliance with Vietnamese law, including  land title, zoning issues, complex brand licensing, and various taxation issues.
  • Acted as counsel to the developer of various condominium projects in Pattaya. Our involvement covered all aspects of the condominium project, including legal structuring of investor groups, financing, land acquisition, and contracts.
  • Represented a client as a joint defendant in a civil lawsuit filed by the owner of adjacent land. The land owner petitioned the court to register a right-of-way across our client’s land to a public road. The trial court rendered judgment in favor of our client and dismissed the land owner’s complaint.
  • Assisted an international investor with all legal aspects of a land deal, including corporate structure, contract negotiation, and transfer of property. The investor secured ownership of over 20 individual plots of prime beachfront property, which allowed for the eventual establishment of a high-end resort project valued at over THB 1,500,000,000.
  • Restructured the complete set of home loan documents for a global financial institution. The documentation set includes the facility agreement, mortgage agreement, and tripartite agreements between the bank, borrowers, and real estate developers.

PROFESSIONALS

RELATED INSIGHTS

July 3, 2026
Thailand will keep its reduced government fees for property sale and mortgage registration in place for another year. Two Ministry of Interior notifications, issued following a cabinet resolution on June 30, 2026, and published in the Government Gazette on July 1, 2026, extend the previously reduced fee levels through June 30, 2027. The reduced registration fees apply to the sale and mortgage of the same property types covered in prior versions of the scheme: detached houses, semidetached houses, row houses, commercial buildings, land transferred together with such buildings, and condominium units. To be eligible for the reduced fees, the purchase price, the officially assessed value, and the mortgage amount must each not exceed THB 7 million, and the buyer must be a Thai individual. The reduced registration fees for eligible sales and mortgages are calculated as follows: Sale: 0.01% of the official assessed value (reduced from standard rate of 2%) Mortgage: 0.01% of the mortgage amount (reduced from standard rate of 1%) The reduced mortgage registration fee applies only if the mortgage is registered at the same time as the sale of the property.
April 30, 2026
Thailand’s Long-Term Resident (LTR) Visa regime offers an attractive immigration pathway for qualifying foreign nationals, providing a 10-year renewable permission to stay in Thailand. Following amendments under Board of Investment (BOI) Announcement No. Por. 3/2568 dated February 4, 2025, the regime now more explicitly accommodates property investment as a qualifying vehicle—a development of particular relevance to foreign nationals already considering real estate acquisitions in Thailand. The LTR Visa is available to several categories of applicants, including wealthy global citizens with global assets of at least USD 1 million, and wealthy pensioners aged 50 or older with an annual pension or fixed income of at least USD 40,000. Property as a Qualifying Investment For both categories, property investment is recognized as one of three eligible investment types alongside Thai government bonds (with at least five years remaining to maturity) and direct investments in Thai companies or approved venture capital or private equity vehicles. The minimum qualifying property investment is USD 500,000 for wealthy global citizens and USD 250,000 for wealthy pensioners. Eligible property types include freehold condominiums, buildings, or villas, as well as leasehold properties with a remaining lease term of at least 10 years. Health Coverage Requirement Beyond the investment threshold, applicants must demonstrate adequate health coverage. This requirement can be satisfied through a health insurance policy covering at least USD 50,000 in Thai medical expenses with at least 10 months of remaining coverage, evidence of social security benefits covering Thai medical costs, or a bank deposit of at least USD 100,000 retained for 12 months. Practical Considerations For foreign nationals already considering property acquisitions in prime residential markets—where investment values commonly meet or exceed the USD 500,000 threshold—the visa pathway effectively transforms a real estate purchase into a dual-purpose investment, combining asset ownership with long-term residence rights that
April 7, 2026
Real estate law specialists from Tilleke & Gibbins provided the chapter on Vietnam for Practical Law’s Commercial Real Estate Global Guide 2026, a comparative jurisdictional guide in Q&A format giving a high-level overview of real estate investment structures, restrictions on foreign ownership, and other important issues of real estate law. The main topics include the following: Real estate investment Title to real estate Sale of real estate Real estate tax Real estate finance Real estate leases Planning and development controls To read the Vietnam chapter, please visit the Practical Law website and enroll in the free Practical Law trial to gain full access.
February 25, 2026
In December 2025, the National Assembly of Vietnam enacted a new Law on Construction, replacing the 2014 Law on Construction as amended in 2020. The 2025 Law on Construction will, in principle, take effect on July 1, 2026, subject to certain exceptions. Among its notable reforms, one development has attracted particular attention from both legal practitioners and market participants: the introduction of a statutory framework governing predetermined damages, commonly referred to as “liquidated damages.” This marks the first time liquidated damages have been expressly recognized at the level of primary legislation in Vietnam. While liquidated damages clauses have long been a common feature of construction contracts in practice, their legal enforceability has historically been subject to uncertainty. Although the new provision appears to represent a positive step toward greater legal clarity, it remains an open question whether it is sufficient, on its own, to provide a solid legal basis for the enforceability of liquidated damages clauses in construction disputes in Vietnam. What’s New? Article 86.2 of the 2025 Law on Construction provides (emphasis added): “Compensation for damages shall be determined on the basis of actual damages [or] predetermined damages corresponding to obligations under the construction contracts that are breached [and] the extent of such breaches.” This provision is significant in that it expressly recognizes predetermined damages, or liquidated damages, as a lawful basis for determining compensation for damage. However, the new law does not define “predetermined damages.” The absence of a statutory definition creates potential ambiguity as to the scope and nature of this concept and may give rise to disputes over how—and whether—a particular contractual clause qualifies as predetermined damages for the purposes of Article 86.2. Further, Article 86.2 qualifies the application of predetermined damages by requiring that such damages correspond to the obligations not fulfilled and the
AWARDS & RANKINGS
May 11, 2026
Tilleke & Gibbins has continued to show excellent performance in the recently released Benchmark Litigation 2026 rankings for dispute resolution firms in the Asia-Pacific region. The rankings include two jurisdictions where Tilleke & Gibbins is active: Thailand and Vietnam. Firm Rankings A full summary of the firm’s rankings is provided below: Thailand Commercial & Transactions – Tier 1 Government & Regulatory – Tier 1 Labor & Employment – Tier 1 Intellectual Property – Tier 1 Trade & Customs – Tier 2 Vietnam Commercial & Transactions (Foreign Firms) – Tier 1 Intellectual Property (Foreign Firms) – Tier 1 Labor & Employment (International Firms) – Highly Recommended (top tier awarded in this category) White Collar Crime – Recommended (top tier awarded in this category) Energy & Construction (Foreign Firms) – Tier 2 International Arbitration – Tier 2 Individual Rankings The 2026 edition also recognizes 12 Tilleke & Gibbins lawyers in Thailand—more than any other firm in the jurisdiction—and four in Vietnam. Thailand Alongkorn Tongmee – Trade & Customs Chitchai Punsan – Commercial & Transactions Chusert Supasitthumrong – Labor & Employment John Frangos – Commercial & Transactions Noppramart Thammateeradaycho – Shipping Nuttaphol Arammuang – Intellectual Property Piyawat Vitooraporn – Commercial & Transactions Pongpalin Chantrapirom – Commercial & Transactions Suebsiri Taweepon – Intellectual Property Suruswadee Jaimsuwan – Commercial & Transactions Thawat Damsa-ard – Commercial & Transactions Tiziana Sucharitkul – Commercial & Transactions, Government & Regulatory Vietnam Duc Anh Tran – Commercial & Transactions Linh Duy Mai – Intellectual Property Loc Xuan Le – Intellectual Property Tu Anh Tran – Commercial & Transactions Benchmark Litigation’s annual research is based on interviews with dispute resolution specialists and clients, as well as analysis of recent casework and market developments. To view the full results, please visit the Benchmark Litigation websites for Thailand and Vietnam.
April 16, 2026
Tilleke & Gibbins has been recognized in the In-House Community (IHC) Firms of the Year 2025, with acknowledgments across a broad range of practice areas in Thailand and Vietnam. The results are based on feedback from in-house counsel across Asia Pacific, reflecting client perspectives on the quality and responsiveness of legal services. In Thailand, the firm received recognition in 13 categories, including 12 Firm of the Year awards and one Honorable Mention. The Firm of the Year recognitions cover: Antitrust / Competition Capital Markets Corporate & M&A Employment Energy & Projects Intellectual Property International Arbitration Litigation & Dispute Resolution Restructuring & Insolvency Taxation Technology, Media & Telecommunications Most Responsive International Law Firm – Thailand The firm also received an Honorable Mention for Real Estate & Construction. In Vietnam, Tilleke & Gibbins was recognized in seven categories. The firm received Firm of the Year awards in: Employment Intellectual Property Litigation & Dispute Resolution Technology, Media & Telecommunications Most Responsive International Law Firm – Vietnam In addition, the firm received Honorable Mentions for International Arbitration and Real Estate & Construction. The IHC Firms of the Year recognitions are based on voluntary survey responses, client feedback, testimonials, and independent research conducted by the IHC team, rather than a submission-based or benchmarking methodology. While not intended to be exhaustive, the results provide a useful snapshot of client sentiment within the in-house legal community. The full results are available on the IHC website.